Waves | Free Demo Test

a. A Sonometer is a device for
demonstrating the relationship
between the frequency of the
sound produced by a plucked
string, and the tension, length and
mass per unit length of the string.
b. Ripple tank s an apparatus
which is used to study the features
or characteristics of wave’s
mechanics.
c. A hydrometer is an instrument
used to measure the specific
gravity (or relative density) of
liquids; that is, the ratio of the
density of the liquid to the density
of water.
d. A barometer is a scientific
instrument used in meteorology to
measure atmospheric pressure.

Waves are said to be an energy
transport phenomenon. As a
disturbance moves through a
medium from one particle to its
adjacent particle, energy is being
transported from one end of the
medium to the other,

a. Transverse wave is a wave in
which the : medium vibrates at
right angles to the direction of its
propagation
b. Longitudinal wave
is a wave
vibrating
in
the direction of
propagation.
c. Standing wave, also called
stationary wave, combination of
two waves moving
in opposite
directions, each having the same
amplitude and freauencv. The phenomenon
is the result of
interference that is, when waves
are superimposed, their energies
are either added together or
cancelled out
d. Electromagnetic waves are
waves that contain an electric field
and a magnetic field and carry
energy. They travel at the speed of
light

Mechanical are the waves which
require a material medium for
their propagation, One example of
a mechanical wave is sound. Sound
can travel through air, water, or
solids, but it can’t travel through a
vacuum, water waves, seismic
waves, and waves traveling
through a spring. Are also
mechanical waves.

a. Resonance is the tendency of a
system to oscillate with greater
amplitude at some frequencies
than at others.
b. The Doppler effect is defined as
a noticeable change in the
frequency of sound, light or water
waves as the source and the
observer move.it is use in radar
system.
c. Interference is the combination
of two or more electromagnetic
waveforms to form a resultant
wave in which the displacement is
either reinforced or cancelled.
d. The beat phenomenon is caused
by constructive and destructive
interference. Beats are generated
when two sounds have different
frequency.

a. Refraction is change in direction of propagation of any wave as a
result of its travelling at different
speeds at different points along
the wave front.
c. Diffraction is the breaking up of
an incoming wave by some sort of
geometrical structure – for
example, a series of slits.
d. Reflection is the throwing back
by a body or surface of light, heat,
or sound without absorbing it.

As the temperature increases,
gases expand or increase their
volume. This results in a decrease
in density. Likewise, when the
temperature goes down, the
density usually becomes greater.
i.e e=m/v

Sound travels about four times
faster and farther in water than it
does in air.as medium changes
from air to water velocity and
wavelength changes but frequency
remains constant.

Beats are generated when two
sounds have different frequency

Coherent sound is the one which
has a definite phase relationship.
The phase difference should either
be zero or constant in timed. It is
not possible in hght

Waves on plucked string, water
and light waves are transverse
waves.

Use vt/vo =T/To
Put vt=2vo
To 27+273=300k
Now find T and change in to Co

Since V = E/e

Distance between two node is  lambda 2
lamba =c/f =330/165 =2m
therefore lambda/2=lm

Polarization is a property of waves
that can oscillate with more than
one orientation. Electromagnetic
waves such as light exhibit
polarization, as do some other
tvopes of wave, such as gravitational waves, but not sound
waves.